“Telegram Can Be Restricted, But Not With a Snap of Fingers” – Ukraine’s Telecom Regulator Discusses 5G, Tariffs, and Operator Finances

In a comprehensive interview, the head of Ukraine’s National Commission for Communications and Informatization Regulation (NCCIR), Liliia Malion, addressed some of the most pressing issues facing the country’s telecommunications sector. From the regulator’s budget requirements of 401 million hryvnias to potential mobile service price increases, upcoming 5G spectrum auctions, and infrastructure security concerns surrounding major operators like Kyivstar and Vodafone, Malion provided insight into the challenges and opportunities shaping Ukraine’s digital future during wartime conditions.

The telecommunications landscape in Ukraine has undergone dramatic transformation since the full-scale Russian invasion began in February 2022. Despite ongoing hostilities, the sector has demonstrated remarkable resilience, maintaining connectivity for millions of citizens and supporting critical government and military communications. The NCCIR plays a crucial role in this ecosystem, balancing the need for affordable services with the financial sustainability of operators who face unprecedented infrastructure costs due to war damage and the necessity of building redundant systems.

Regarding the regulatory body’s funding requirements, Malion explained that the requested 401 million hryvnias represents the minimum necessary to fulfill the commission’s expanded wartime responsibilities. These include enhanced monitoring of network security, coordination with military authorities on spectrum management, and oversight of emergency communication protocols. The funding would also support efforts to document and assess damage to telecommunications infrastructure across affected regions, a critical task for future reconstruction planning and potential reparations claims.

The question of mobile service tariff increases has become increasingly relevant as operators struggle with mounting costs. Energy prices have soared, equipment replacement has become more expensive due to supply chain disruptions, and the constant threat of infrastructure destruction requires significant investment in backup systems and rapid repair capabilities. Malion acknowledged that some price adjustments may be inevitable but emphasized the regulator’s commitment to protecting consumers, particularly vulnerable populations who depend on affordable communication services during the crisis.

Perhaps the most forward-looking discussion centered on Ukraine’s plans for 5G spectrum auctions. Despite the ongoing conflict, the government remains committed to technological advancement, viewing 5G deployment as essential for post-war economic recovery and European integration. The fifth generation of mobile networks promises significantly faster speeds, lower latency, and the capacity to support emerging technologies like autonomous vehicles, remote surgery, and smart city infrastructure. Several European countries have already achieved substantial 5G coverage, and Ukraine aims to avoid falling further behind its neighbors.

However, the 5G rollout faces significant obstacles beyond the obvious security concerns. International equipment suppliers have varying positions on working in active conflict zones, and the destruction of existing infrastructure complicates upgrade planning. Additionally, operators must weigh the substantial investment required for 5G against uncertain returns in a wartime economy. Malion suggested that the auction timeline and conditions would need to account for these unique circumstances, potentially including extended deployment deadlines and adjusted licensing fees.

The interview also touched on the controversial topic of Telegram regulation, a messaging platform that has become deeply embedded in Ukrainian daily life and war communication. Malion’s statement that “Telegram can be restricted, but not with a snap of fingers” reflects the complex technical and social realities involved. With millions of Ukrainians relying on Telegram for everything from air raid alerts to news consumption and personal communication, any regulatory action would require careful consideration of alternatives and implementation timelines. The platform has faced criticism globally for content moderation practices, but its utility during wartime has made it indispensable for many users.

Finally, Malion addressed security concerns surrounding the physical infrastructure of major operators, particularly cell towers owned by Kyivstar and Vodafone. These installations represent critical national infrastructure and have been targeted during the conflict. The regulator is working with operators and security services to enhance protection measures while maintaining service continuity. This includes diversifying tower locations, implementing rapid repair protocols, and exploring alternative technologies like satellite-based backup systems that could maintain connectivity even if terrestrial infrastructure is compromised.